DSpace Collection: 第03号

Learner Variations in Communication Strategies : A Study of Japanese, Chinese and American Paraphrasing Techniques in English and Their Application to Task-Based Grammar Instruction

Title: Learner Variations in Communication Strategies : A Study of Japanese, Chinese and American Paraphrasing Techniques in English and Their Application to Task-Based Grammar Instruction

Authors: KOBAYASHI, Toshihiko

Abstract: This study investigated how speakers with different L1 backgrounds (Japanese, Chinese and English) would cope with the situation where they had a lexical difficulty in oral English discourse. A total of fifteen subjects participated in the study, consisting of a taped inteview. They were asked to pretend to be tourists who did not recall the word for 'aquarium,' while the interviewer assumed to be a police officer. Each interviewee had to manage to have the officer understand the destination by utilizing such communication strategies (CSs) as "paraphrasing," or "word coinage" in order to express the meaning of 'aquarium.' These conversations were all transcribed to see national variations as well as personal varieties with comparisons made between individual subjects in terms of word choice, length of speech, frequency of particular interjections or phrases, and clarity of speech. In this paper, the author proposes the application of the results to task-based grammar instruction in ESL/EFL classrooms.

塚本邦雄『水葬物語』全講義(2)

Title: 塚本邦雄『水葬物語』全講義(2)

Authors: 菱川, 善夫

Soccer and Identity : A Case Study. (The Role Played by Soccer in Expressing and Reinforcing National, Religious and Regional Identities and their Myths in Scotland.) (Part I)

Title: Soccer and Identity : A Case Study. (The Role Played by Soccer in Expressing and Reinforcing National, Religious and Regional Identities and their Myths in Scotland.) (Part I)

Authors: SMITH, Ian

Abstract: This paper will examine the impact of the sport of soccer on different tiers of group identity-religious, regional and ultimately, national-in Scotland, an area of Europe where such identities are much in evidence. The sport will be studied both as a means for expressing and reinforcing concepts of identity, and as an contributor to the myths that surround these concepts. The paper is divided into two parts. The first part presents an overview of the subject, beginning with an introductory passage showing the relevance of soccer to identity in the modern world. This is followed by a brief account of Scotland's history, explaining how concepts of identity, and the myths shaping and fueling them, were forged during the centuries before and after union with England in 1707. Further sections describe the development of soccer and its arrival in Scotland, and show how it interacts with Scotland's modern cultural myths to acquire a powerful place in the country's psyche. With this background information in place, the second part looks at each tier of identity in detail. Firstly, there is an examination of how the soccer clubs Glasgow Celtic and Glasgow Rangers have become symbols of the Catholic and Protestant communities in the west of Scotland, and reinforce each community's sense of its position in Scottish and British society. Secondly, the main soccer clubs of Scotland's northeast coastal region, Aberdeen and Dundee United, are studied as symbols of the region's new-found prosperity and confidence, and its distrust of central authority in Scotland. The final section investigates the links-in popular myth if not always in reality-between Scottish aspirations for political autonomy and the fortunes of its national soccer team; and between soccer and Scottish attitudes towards England and Europe.

DISTRACTIONS AND MOTIVATIONAL INFLUENCING IN THE EFL CLASSROOM

Title: DISTRACTIONS AND MOTIVATIONAL INFLUENCING IN THE EFL CLASSROOM

Authors: Estes-Dotani, William Earl